Vascular surgery is the branch that deals with medical and surgical diseases of all body vessels.
Aorta and other Artery (Artery) Surgeries
A tear formed in the aorta, which is the largest blood vessel coming from the heart, is called dissection. Dissection occurs as a result of exposure of your aorta to high pressure and rupture starts internally.
The most common symptom of aortic dissection is severe pain resembling “a stab” in the back or abdomen.
It is an extremely urgent life-threatening condition. Approximately 30% of the patients don't make it to hospital in time. At this point, the location of the tear in the vessel is of great importance. The patient may have to be operated immediately. Torn part of the aorta is repaired by replacing it with an artificial vessel.
In some parts of the aorta, there may be congenital or acquired ballooning, in other words, aneurysm.
Growth of the aneurysm increases the risk of burst. Therefore, this part of the vessel must be removed and replaced by an artificial blood vessel.
Initially, in the treatment of aneurysms, drug therapy can be used to reduce blood pressure , relax blood vessels and reduce the risk of burst.
Aneurysm may occur in all vessels in the body, however, it is most often seen in aorta. Hypertension, smoking, infections, trauma, and genetic predisposition, use of stimulant drugs such as cocain, etc. are among the major reasons that lead to aneurysm.
Aneurysms can form in an insidious manner over the years without showing any symptoms. If it causes any complaints, severe back / abdomen / chest pain resembling a stab, low blood pressure , dizziness, nausea / vomiting , shortness of breath can be observed.
Local narrowing at the initial parts of branches of the aorta supplying the legs ( due to accumulation of fat and cholesterol ) can be observed. If these narrowings cause significant decrease in supply to the legs, bridging (bypass) surgery can be performed to increase the blood flow to the legs.
Substances required by body cells and oxygen are sent from the heart to the tissues through arteries. These substances are used by the tissues and waste materials are added to this blood and they are returned to the heart by the veins in order to be cleaned. Dilation and convolution of these veins result in a condition called “varices”.
Although most varices are hereditary, they are more common in people who work standing-up (teachers, nurses, doctors, waiters, etc.). Its incidence is higher in women compared to men and possibility of developing varices increases by age.
In early stage patients, these usually cause problems in appearance, but as the illness progresses, there are complaints such as pain, swelling, sensitivity in the legs. In latter stages, leg skin color may become darker and flaking, even non-healing wounds may appear in the legs.
Treatment must be performed according to the patient and disease level.
In early stage illnesses and for old patients with surgery risks, the progress of the disease can be prevented by merely using varices socks. Moreover, special fine needles can be introduced into the veins, and the vein can be closed by administration of special substances (sclerotherapy). This method can also be applied by special instruments such as radiofrequency and lasers. Several sessions are performed according to the spread of the disease. The patient can walk home after the operation, no bed rest is necessary. Wearing elastic bandages or varices socks for 1-3 days is sufficient.
In an advanced level disease, methods such as standard surgeries, foam sclerotherapy, radio-frequency and laser ablation can be used. Surgical treatment should be selected according to the patient and stage of the disease. Surgical method in the form of removing varicose veins is a surgical method used in diseases at most advanced stage and causes no harm to the body. Deep veins will do the same job. It is sufficient to have the patient rest at the hospital for one night in each of these cases. Patient can return to normal life in 7-10 days.
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