It is a sub-branch of urology that deals with cancers of other urological organs, including kidney, bladder, prostate, testis cancers.
Urological cancers can be treated if early diagnosis is made.
Prostate Cancer
Although the exact cause of prostate cancer, which is only seen in men, is unknown, age, race and genetic factors have been found to play an important role. Among these factors, age stands out as the most important factor. The incidence of prostate shows a significant increase at and over the age of 50.
In some patients, prostate cancer shows no symptoms. Some patients may experience symptoms such as frequent, strong, painful urination, blood and inflammation in the urine, and urinating in droplets. However, these symptoms are not only symptoms of prostate so an expert should be consulted to be sure.
The prostate makes very slow progress and it can be treated with medication or by surgery.
Bladder Cancer
Bladder (urinary bladder) is our organ that ensures accumulation and discharge of urine and bladder cancer is defined as uncontrolled proliferation of the cells forming the bladder. Full recovery is usually possible by early diagnosis and treatment in the case of bladder cancers. In general, it is often seen between the ages of 50 and 70 and it is three times more common in men than women. Incidence of this disease is higher in smokers and workers in paint, chemical and rubber industry. It mostly manifests itself by blood in the urine. However, blood in urine is not a symptom only specific to bladder cancer.
Definitive treatment plan of bladder cancer is arranged according to the depth of spread of the cancer and degree of aggressiveness of cancer cells.
The first procedure to be basically performed when bladder cancer is detected is to endoscopically remove the tumoral mass as much as possible under operating theater conditions. After this surgery, accurate diagnosis of bladder cancer and its then current stage will be determined as a result of pathological examination of parts removed.
Treatment of superficial bladder cancer with low aggressivess is based on removal of cancerous tissue from the bladder by TUR-Bladder tumor operation and washing interior of bladder with immunological and chemotherapeutic medications so as to reduce the rate of recurrence.
In the case of bladder cancer with high aggressiveness that has spread to muscle layer, the bladder is fully removed and it is common practice that former bladder is replaced by a new bladder made from intestine for accumulation of urine.
Kidney Cancer
Kidney cancer usually occurs between 50 and 70 years of age. It is 2-3 times more common in men than women. The cause of kidney cancer is not fully known yet. However, factors including smoking, genetic factors, hypertension, obesity, occupational risk factors (steel industry, petroleum, cadmium, lead industry employees) and exposure to radiation increase the risk.
Kidney cancers don't show symptoms at the beginning. However, as the tumor progresses, symptoms such as blood in urine, pain, loss of appetite, weight loss, recurrent fever, high blood pressure and anemia occur.
Surgery is the main treatment for renal tumors. Radiotherapy may be applied to support surgery.
Testis Cancers
It is the most common form of cancer in young men between the ages of 19 and 44. It accounts for 1% of all cancers in men. Its incidence in Caucasian men is higher than that in other races.
Its most common symptoms include pain, mass or growth in any of the testicles. In testicular cancer, chemotherapy can be performed after surgery by urologists.
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