They are based on replacement of joints with artificial parts.
Cartilage damage and disfigurement that develop in joints for various reasons result in pain, limited mobility and disability.
Reasons for cartilage damage in joints can be classified as follows:
The above -mentioned reasons reduce joint movements, cause pain, swelling, and deterioration of ability to work, and the person is able to move only in the company of another person.
Total joint replacement is a surgical procedure. Artificial materials used in joints are prepared in various forms according to the type, form, movement and size of the respective joints. An orthopedist decides which one to use by special measurement systems and special x-rays.
Metal and plastic parts are used in artificial joint prostheses. Metal parts are made of materials such as stainless steel, cobalt chrome molybdenum alloy, and titanium, while plastic parts are made of wear and pressure-resistant high density polyethylene.
These materials are fixed to the bone using acrylic ( bone cement). Some prostheses are fixed to the bone via special structures (screws, etc.) provided on their sides facing the bone and these are called cementless prostheses. This type of prostheses has begun to be preferred particularly for young patients who have a very good bone structure.
Following surgical procedure, recovery period of the patient varies from patient to patient and depending on the type of joint.
If the procedure is performed in elderly patients, use of prostheses continues throughout their lifetime and no second operation is needed. If this operation is performed in young patients, they may have to undergo a 2nd or sometimes a 3rd replacement procedure.
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